RESEARCH

CKD-PC has continued to provide data and analyses in high priority areas of nephrology that lack evidence.

• The CKD-PC worked closely with the NKF, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) to evaluate candidate surrogate outcomes in kidney disease. We provided evidence for the conference “GFR Decline as an End Point for Clinical Trials in CKD,” which resulted in the approval of a new surrogate endpoint for kidney failure by the FDA which has now been used in major clinical trials. We also evaluated eGFR slope and change in albuminuria, providing evidence for their designation as “validated” and “reasonably likely” surrogate endpoints. 
• The CKD-PC has produced many publicly available multiple risk equations. For example, we validated the kidney failure risk equation (KFRE), identifying a calibration factor that enabled its implementation in countries outside North America. In September 2022, the KFRE website was accessed by 7,600 users from 110 countries. This likely vastly underestimates its use, since the KFRE tool is also available on numerous medical applications as well as integrated in electronic health records, including that of Johns Hopkins. Other risk models include the Living Kidney Donor Risk Tool, which changed the paradigm of living kidney donor evaluation, and the risk tool in advanced CKD, which formed the evidence base for the KDIGO Controversies Conference on the Prognosis & Optimal Management of Patients with Advanced CKD, among multiple others (https://www.ckdpc.org/risk-models.html).
• CKD-PC partners with major organizations outside of nephrology, such as the European Society of Cardiology and American Heart Association, to incorporate kidney measures into existing and novel cardiac risk prediction tools. The CKD-PC also freely provides summary statistics and analyses to inform estimates by the Global Burden of Disease and other global bodies such as NKF and KDIGO.